Research in political neuroscience suggests that political ideology correlates with brain structure and personality traits, showing that conservatives (right-wing) tend to show higher reactivity to threat and desire for stability, while liberals (left-wing) often exhibit higher tolerance for complexity and ambiguity, with studies indicating structural differences in the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex.
On the whole, the research shows, conservatives desire security, predictability and authority more than liberals do, and liberals are more comfortable with novelty, nuance and complexity.
The volume of gray matter, or neural cell bodies, making up the anterior cingulate cortex, an area that helps detect errors and resolve conflicts, tends to be larger in liberals. And the amygdala, which causes an immediate, intense emotional reaction to stress that bypasses rational thought, is larger in conservatives.
Subjects with right-wing (or conservative in the United States) political views have larger amygdalae, areas of the brain associated with emotional responses such as fear, anxiety, and aggression.